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June 21, 2012

6:06 PM | Decoding the dance of the chromosomes

Sex is old. More correctly, sexual reproduction as a biological phenomenon has been around for over a billion years. Birds, bees, flowers and trees all reproduce sexually. For an organism to reproduce sexually it needs to produce gametes, or sex cells, and this occurs during a specialised form of cell division known as meiosis. During [...]

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Nanog protein promotes the growth of cancer stem cells in head and neck cancer

A new study led by researchers at The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center -- Arthur G. James Cancer Hospital and Richard J. Solove Research Institute (OSUCCC-James) has identified a biochemical pathway in cancer stem cells that is essential for promoting head and neck cancer.The study shows that a protein called Nanog, which is normally active in embryonic stem cells, promotes the growth of cancer stem cells in head and neck cancer. The findings provide information essential for […]

Xie, X., Piao, L., Cavey, G., Old, M., Teknos, T., Mapp, A. & Pan, Q. (2013). Phosphorylation of Nanog is essential to regulate Bmi1 and promote tumorigenesis, Oncogene, DOI: 10.1038/onc.2013.173

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Bombs and Brains

Great minds met to conceive the first atomic bomb. Now the atomic bomb has helped researchers confirm some long-held suspicions about the human brain. Up until the 1960s, it was a widely accepted belief that we are born with a finite number of neurons that last our entire life. In 1965, researchers presented the first […]

Spalding K., Bergmann O., Alkass K., Bernard S., Salehpour M., Huttner H., Boström E., Westerlund I., Vial C. & Buchholz B. & (2013). Dynamics of Hippocampal Neurogenesis in Adult Humans, Cell, 153 (6) 1219-1227. DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2013.05.002

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Peter Suber’s Open Access book is now available under an open-access license

If you never got around to buying Peter Suber’s book about Open Access (OA) publishing [1] “for busy people”, you might be pleased to learn that it’s now available under an open-access license. Open Access is open access I'm happy to announce that my book on OA (Open Access, MIT Press… goo.gl/fb/CaInj— Peter Suber (@petersuber) June 18, […]

Clair, K. (2013). Kevin Michael Clair reviews Open Access, by Peter Suber, The Journal of Academic Librarianship, 39 (1) 94. DOI: 10.1016/j.acalib.2012.11.017

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"Undruggable" cancers may by druggable

Harvard Stem Cell Institute (HSCI) researchers have identified in the most aggressive forms of cancer a gene known to regulate embryonic stem cell self-renewal, beginning a creative search for a drug that can block its activity.The gene, SALL4, gives stem cells their ability to continue dividing as stem cells rather than becoming mature cells. Typically, cells only express SALL4 during embryonic development, but the gene is re-expressed in nearly all cases of acute myeloid leukemia and 10 to 30 […]

Yong, K., Gao, C., Lim, J., Yan, B., Yang, H., Dimitrov, T., Kawasaki, A., Ong, C., Wong, K., Lee, S. & Ravikumar, S. (2013). Oncofetal Gene in Aggressive Hepatocellular Carcinoma , New England Journal of Medicine, 368 (24) 2266-2276. DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa1300297

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NYSCF researchers generate beta cells from MODY patients

A team from the New York Stem Cell Foundation (NYSCF) Research Institute and the Naomi Berrie Diabetes Centre of Columbia University has generated patient-specific beta cells, or insulin-producing cells, that accurately reflect the features of maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY).The researchers used skin cells of MODY patients to produce induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells, from which they then made beta cells. Transplanted into a mouse, the stem cell-derived beta cells secreted […]

Hua, H., Shang, L., Martinez, H., Freeby, M., Gallagher, M., Ludwig, T., Deng, L., Greenberg, E., LeDuc, C., Chung, W. & Goland, R. (2013). iPSC-derived β cells model diabetes due to glucokinase deficiency, Journal of Clinical Investigation, DOI: 10.1172/JCI67638

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June 21, 2012

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